DOA Estimation for Hybrid Massive MIMO Systems Using Mixed-ADCs: Performance Loss and Energy Efficiency

DOA Estimation for Hybrid Massive MIMO Systems Using Mixed-ADCs: Performance Loss and Energy Efficiency

Blog Article

Due to the power consumption and high circuit cost in antenna arrays, the practical application of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in the sixth generation (6G) and future wireless networks is still challenging.Employing low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and hybrid analog and digital (HAD) structure is two low-cost choices with acceptable performance loss.In this paper, the combination of the mixed-ADC architecture and HAD structure employed at receiver is proposed for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, which will be applied to the beamforming tracking and alignment Outdoor Swivel Chair w/Cushion (set of 2) in 6G.By adopting the additive quantization noise model, the exact closed-form expression of the Holders Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the HAD architecture with mixed-ADCs is derived.

Moreover, the closed-form expression of the performance loss factor is derived as a benchmark.In addition, to take power consumption into account, energy efficiency is also investigated in our paper.The numerical results reveal that the HAD structure with mixed-ADCs can significantly reduce the power consumption and hardware cost.Furthermore, that architecture is able to achieve a better trade-off between the performance loss and the power consumption.

Finally, adopting 2–4 bits of resolution may be a good choice in practical massive MIMO systems.